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The Medieval History Journal, Vol. 9, No. 2, 195-242 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/097194580600900202
© 2006 SAGE Publications

Articles

Such Stuff as Peoples are Made on

Ethnogenesis and the Construction of Nationhood in Medieval Europe

Peter Hoppenbrouwers

Department of Medieval History, University of Amsterdam. E-mail: p.c.m.hoppenbrouwers{at}uva.nl

Peoples, or ethnic communities, ‘have been present in every period and continent’, says the cover of a recent volume on ethnicity.1 If true, we should also be aware that ‘peoples’ in the recorded past are social entities which are always to a large extent constructed and constantly changing during continuous processes of state formation. This article aims at summarising the building blocks and leitmotifs, derived from Graeco-Roman and Judeo-Christian tradition, that medieval authors, in particular the clerical writers of histories, used in their construction of peoples in a time when political communities developed state-like features which required some measure of national identification. Understandably, the development of national identities in medieval Europe proved to be a complex interplay, in which the imagining of ‘Self’ was inextricably bound up with the judgement of ‘Other’ within the boundaries of that period's mental outlook.


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